Generation of a Filter that Separates Elements to be Displayed from Elements Constituting Data

ABSTRACT

A technique to improve the efficiency for generating a filter for separating elements to be displayed from elements constituting data. At a client, a content acquisition unit acquires content from a server. A content division unit divides the content into elements. An element display unit randomly displays the elements at positions different from positions at which the elements of the content in an original form are displayed. A selected-element identification unit identifies an element selected by a user from the elements. A filter generation unit generates a filter based on the identified element and saves the filter in a filter saving unit. A filtering unit applies the filter saved in the filter saving unit to the content. A content display unit displays the filtered content.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)

This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-096769, filed May 8, 2014, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for generating a filter. In particular, the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for generating a filter for separating elements to be displayed from elements constituting data.

BACKGROUND ART

The advance in internet technology and the widespread use of mobile terminals having internet access in recent years have facilitated access to information. Unfortunately, this also causes a problem of more chances of knowing information that one does not want to know or should not know. For example, one may unintentionally see, in an SNS site, news or conversations about the progress or result of a sports game that he/she is recording for later watching.

As such, techniques have been developed for allowing content on the Internet to be displayed on a mobile terminal while removing information one does not want to know or should not know from the content (for example, see Non-patent Literature 1 and 2).

Non-patent Literature 1 discloses twicca, which is a Twitter® client application for Android®. A filtering function (mute function) is provided in twicca, by which tweets containing set words can be deleted from the timeline.

Non-patent Literature 2 discloses Twivo, which is an extension of Google Chrome®. Twivo functions such that a user enters keywords desired to be blocked, and then tweets containing the keywords are blocked from broadcasts.

CITATION LIST Non-Patent Literature

-   [Non-patent Literature 1] twicca, mobile app, available from online     Google Play Store, 2014. -   [Non-patent Literature 2] Twivo, TV Spoiler Blocking Plug-In For     Twitter, Invented By Teen Jennie Lamere, [online], HuffPost TV, May     8, 2013.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION Technical Problems

As described above, there are known techniques for generating a filter for removing information that one does not want to know or should not know from data such as content. The Non-patent Literature 1 and 2, however, do not disclose means for improving the efficiency of generating such a filter.

An object of the present invention is to improve the efficiency of generating a filter for separating elements to be displayed from elements constituting data.

Solution to Problems

For this purpose, the present invention provides an apparatus for generating a filter for separating elements to be displayed from a plurality of elements constituting data, the apparatus including: a display unit displaying the plurality of elements in a second mode different from a first mode in which the data is displayed in an original form; a reception unit receiving a user operation for selecting a particular element from the plurality of elements; and a generation unit generating the filter based on the particular element.

In the apparatus, the display unit may display the plurality of elements in the second mode in which the meaning of the data understood in the first mode is obscured. In this case, the display unit may display the plurality of elements in the second mode in which the plurality of elements are disposed at positions irrelevant to the positions of the plurality of elements in the first mode, and further may display the plurality of elements excluding part of two or more elements appearing in the data that are the same as or similar to each other.

In addition to the plurality of elements, the display unit may also display an element that obscures the meaning of any of the plurality of elements.

The apparatus may further include a control unit controlling the display unit to highlight another element associated with the particular element, in response to the reception unit receiving the user operation.

Further, in the apparatus, the display unit may display the plurality of elements so that visibility increases over time from the start of displaying the plurality of elements.

The present invention also provides an apparatus for generating a filter for separating elements to be displayed from a plurality of elements constituting content, the apparatus including: an acquisition unit acquiring the content from another apparatus; a division unit dividing the content into the plurality of elements; a display unit randomly displaying the plurality of elements at positions different from positions at which the plurality of elements of the content in an original form are displayed; a reception unit receiving a user operation for selecting a particular element from the plurality of elements; and a generation unit generating the filter based on the particular element.

The present invention further provides a method for generating a filter for separating elements to be displayed from a plurality of elements constituting data, the method including the steps of: displaying the plurality of elements in a second mode different from a first mode in which the data is displayed in an original form; receiving a user operation for selecting a particular element from the plurality of elements; and generating the filter based on the particular element.

The present invention further provides a program for causing a computer to function as an apparatus for generating a filter for separating elements to be displayed from a plurality of elements constituting data, the program causing the computer to function as: a display unit displaying the plurality of elements in a second mode different from a first mode in which the data is displayed in an original form; a reception unit receiving a user operation for selecting a particular element from the plurality of elements; and a generation unit generating the filter based on the particular element.

Advantageous Effect of Invention

The present invention improves the efficiency of generating a filter for separating elements to be displayed from elements constituting data.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an exemplary overall configuration of a client-server system in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing exemplary operation of a client in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of a filter generation process in the exemplary operation of the client in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of a content display process in the exemplary operation of the client in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams showing exemplary normal display of text contained in content;

FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams showing exemplary display in which the text contained in the content is divided into elements;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing exemplary normal display of text contained in content;

FIGS. 8A, 8B, and 8C are diagrams showing how a user selects elements to be filtered out from elements resulting from dividing the text contained in the content;

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an exemplary display in which a generated filter is applied to the text;

FIG. 10A is a diagram showing an example in which a related element for a selected element is displayed larger and thicker, and FIG. 10B is a diagram showing an example in which the related element for the selected element is displayed at the center;

FIGS. 11A and 11B are diagrams showing an example in which the elements are displayed to be lighter initially and become darker over time;

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing another exemplary display of the elements; and

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an exemplary hardware configuration of the client in an embodiment of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT

Referring to the appended drawings, an embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

[Configuration of Client-Server System in Embodiment]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an exemplary overall configuration of a client-server system in this embodiment. As shown, the client-server system includes a server 10 and a client 20.

The server 10 is a computer that maintains content. Here, content refers to user-viewable information, for example web content provided on the Web. Content includes text data, as well as image (still image) data and video data. In this embodiment, the server 10 is provided as an example of another apparatus.

The client 20 is a computer used by a user to view content. In this embodiment, the client 20 also generates a filter for separating elements to be displayed from content. Specifically, as functions operating in the filter generation, the client 20 includes a content acquisition unit 21, a content division unit 22, an element display unit 23, a selected-element identification unit 24, a display change unit 25, a filter generation unit 26, and filter saving unit 27. As functions operating in viewing content by the user, the client 20 includes the filter saving unit 27, a filtering unit 28, and a content display unit 29.

The content acquisition unit 21 acquires content from the server 10. The content acquisition unit 21 then determines whether divided display has been designated at system startup, and whether the current date and time falls within a period (hereinafter referred to as a “divided display period”) set in divided display date-and-time setting as a period during which the divided display is applied. If the divided display has been designated at system startup, or if the current date and time falls within the divided display period, the content acquired from the server 10 is passed to the content division unit 22 and the filtering unit 28. If the divided display has not been designated at system startup, and if the current date and time does not fall within the divided display period, the content acquired from the server 10 is passed to the filtering unit 28 but not to the content division unit 22. In this embodiment, the content acquisition unit 21 is provided as an example of an acquisition unit acquiring the content.

The content division unit 22 divides the content received from the content acquisition unit 21 into elements in a dividing manner depending on the type of the content. Any existing method may be used to divide the content. Specifically, if the content is text data, the result of morphological analysis may be used to divide the content. If the content is image data, the result of image analysis may be used to divide the content (for example, along outlines). In dividing the content, changing the dividing granularity by setting allows the amount of information to be adjusted. The content division unit 22 passes the elements resulting from dividing the content to the filtering unit 28, and then receives the filtered elements from the filtering unit 28. In this embodiment, the content division unit 22 is provided as an example of a division unit dividing the content into the plurality of elements.

The elements resulting from dividing the content by the content division unit 22 and filtering by the filtering unit 28 are displayed, according to an element display rule, by the element display unit 23 so that the user can select among the elements. Here, the element display rule is a rule about the position, size, and transparency of displayed elements, and the following four rules may be possible, for example. A first rule is to display the same or similar elements close to each other. A second rule is to display the same or similar elements to overlap each other. This rule, which may be said to display two or more same or similar elements merged into one element, may be more generalized to not displaying part of two or more same or similar elements. In either case, such display can hide the frequency of appearance of the elements. “Similar” in the first and second rules includes not only the similarity in meaning (for example, in the case where the element is a word), but also the similarity in attribute (such as color). Further, a third rule is to vary the position, size, or transparency depending on the frequency of appearance. Still further, a fourth rule is to vary the position, size, or transparency depending on the elapsed display time. This rule may be considered as displaying the elements so that the visibility increases over time from the start of displaying the elements. In this embodiment, the element display unit 23 is provided as an example of a display unit displaying the plurality of elements.

The selected-element identification unit 24 receives a user operation for selecting an element among the elements displayed by the element display unit 23, and identifies the selected element. In this embodiment, the selected-element identification unit 24 is provided as an example of a reception unit receiving a user operation for selecting a particular element.

The display change unit 25 instructs the element display unit 23 to change the display manner for an element (hereinafter referred to as a “related element”) related to the element identified by the selected-element identification unit 24. Here, the related element may be an element that is of the same type as or similar to the element identified by the selected-element identification unit 24. The display manner may be changed to highlight the related element (for example, change the display position of the related element to the center, or change the display size or transparency of the related element). In this embodiment, the related element is used as an example of another element associated with the particular element, and the display change unit 25 is provided as an example of a control unit controlling to highlight another element.

The filter generation unit 26 generates or updates a filter based on the element identified by the selected-element identification unit 24. Specifically, the filter is generated or updated by adding the element identified by the selected-element identification unit 24 to the filter saved in the filter saving unit 27. Here, the filter is information for filtering out elements of the content that the user does not want to see or should not see. In this embodiment, the filter generation unit 26 is provided as an example of a generation unit generating a filter.

The filter saving unit 27 saves the filter generated or updated by the filter generation unit 26.

The filtering unit 28 determines whether the current date and time falls within a period (hereinafter referred to as a “filtering period”) set in filtering date-and-time setting as a period during which the filter is applied. If the current date and time falls within the filtering period, the filter saved in the filter saving unit 27 is applied to the content received from the content acquisition unit 21 or the elements received from the content division unit 22 to remove an element that the user does not want to see or should not see. The filtering period may be set as hours of a sports game that the user is going to record for later watching, for example.

The content display unit 29 displays the content from which the element that the user does not want to see or should not see has been removed by the filtering unit 28.

[Operation of Client in Embodiment]

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing exemplary operation of the client 20 in this embodiment.

As shown, at the client 20, the content acquisition unit 21 acquires content from the server 10 (step 201). The content acquisition unit 21 then determines whether the divided display has been designated at system startup (step 202). Irrespective of whether the current date and time falls within the divided display period, the user may designate the divided display when he/she thinks he/she might see information that he/she does not want to see or should not see if the system is started. This designation may be done by checking a checkbox in a login screen, for example. Therefore, the content acquisition unit 21 determines whether the divided display has been designated by, for example, seeing whether the checkbox has been checked. If it is determined that the divided display has not been designated, the content acquisition unit 21 determines whether the current date and time falls within the divided display period (step 203).

If it is determined that the divided display has been designated in step 202, or if it is determined that the current date and time falls within the divided display period in step 203, the client 20 executes a filter generation process (step 204) and then a content display process (step 205).

If it is not determined that the divided display has been designated in step 202, and if it is not determined that the current date and time falls within the divided display period in step 203, the client 20 executes the content display process (step 205) without executing the filter generation process.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of the filter generation process in step 204 of FIG. 2.

As shown, the content division unit 22 divides the content acquired in step 201 of FIG. 2 into elements (step 211). The resulting elements are sent to the filtering unit 28, which applies a filter saved in the filter saving unit 27 to the elements (step 212). The filter is applied here in order to hide, when the filter is generated, any element that the user does not want to see or should not see and that is already registered with the filter. As a result of filtering, elements excluding the element that the user does not want to see or should not see are returned to the content division unit 22. Thus, the element display unit 23 displays the elements acquired by the content division unit 22 and subjected to the filter (step 213).

In this state, the user selects an element that the user does not want to see or should not see from the elements, and the selected-element identification unit 24 identifies the selected element (step 214). The display change unit 25 therefore changes the display manner for a related element related to the element identified in step 214 (step 215). The filter generation unit 26 adds the element identified in step 214 to the filter saved in the filter saving unit 27 (step 216).

Thereafter, the selected-element identification unit 24 determines whether the user has selected a next element that the user does not want to see or should not see (step 217). If it is determined that the user has selected an element that the user does not want to see or should not see, the client 20 again executes the processes of steps 212 to 216. The filter is again applied in step 212 in order to hide the element added to the filter in immediately preceding step 216. If it is determined that the user has not selected an element that the user does not want to see or should not see, the client 20 returns the processing to FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of the content display process in step 205 of FIG. 2.

As shown, the filtering unit 28 determines whether the current date and time falls within the filtering period (step 221). If it is determined that the current date and time falls within the filtering period, the filter saved in the filter saving unit 27 is applied to the content acquired in step 201 of FIG. 2 (step 222). The content display unit 29 displays the filtered content (step 223). If it is determined that the current date and time does not fall within the filtering period, the content display unit 29 displays the content acquired in step 201 of FIG. 2 in its original form, i.e., without being filtered (step 223). The client 20 then returns the processing to FIG. 2.

[Specific Example of Displaying Elements]

Dividing the content into the elements in step 211 of FIG. 3 and displaying the elements in step 213 of FIG. 3 will be described in detail.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams showing exemplary normal display of text contained in content used in this description. It is assumed that the user has written text strings 31, 32, and 33 in this order in FIG. 5A, and text strings 34, 35, and 36 in this order in FIG. 5B. While the text strings 31 and 34 are the same, comparison between the text strings 32 and 33 with the text strings 35 and 36 suggests that FIG. 5A shows text strings written when the national team wins, and FIG. 5B shows text strings written when the national team loses. That is, in the exemplary display of FIGS. 5A and 5B, one can know the topic (i.e., a game of the national team is being played) and the details (i.e., the progress and result of the game).

FIGS. 6A and 5B respectively show exemplary display in which the text of FIGS. 5A and 5B is divided into elements. Since FIGS. 6A and 5B both contain words such as “national,” “team,” “victory,” and “lose,” one can guess the topic, i.e., that the game of the national team is being played. However, since the words such as “victory” and “lose” are randomly disposed to make their associations incomprehensible, the details, i.e., the progress and result of the game, cannot be known.

[Specific Example of Selecting Elements]

Identifying the selected element in step 214 of FIG. 3, adding the element to the filter in step 216 of FIG. 3, applying the filter in step 222 of FIG. 4, and displaying the content in step 223 of FIG. 4 will be described in detail.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing exemplary normal display of text contained in content used in this description. The text includes the text strings 31, 32, and 33 of FIG. 5A interspersed with text strings 37 and 38 unrelated to the game of the national team.

FIGS. 8A, 8B, and 8C are diagrams showing how the user selects elements to be filtered out from elements resulting from dividing the text. Again, as in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the elements are randomly disposed. First, as indicated by a hand cursor in 8A, it is assumed that the user selects an element 41 representing “victory” as an element to be filtered out. Then, as indicated in 8B, the element 41 is hidden. At this point, an element 42 representing the same word “victory” is also hidden. Since this is for the purpose of indicating that the word “victory” is already selected, the word may not be hidden but instead may be displayed in a manner that indicates that the word is already selected. Subsequently, as indicated by the hand cursor in 8B, it is assumed that the user selects an element 43 representing the word “lose” as an element to be filtered out. Then, as indicated in 8C, the element 43 is hidden. Since this is for the purpose of indicating that the word “lose” is already selected, the word may not be hidden but instead may be displayed in a manner that indicates that the word is already selected. Once the “victory” and “lose” are selected as above, a filter that additionally includes these elements is generated.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing exemplary display in which the filter generated as above is applied to the text of FIG. 7. Since the text strings 31 and 33 of FIG. 7 contain “victory” and the text string 32 of FIG. 7 contains “lose,” all of these text strings are hidden.

[Specific Example of Changing Display Manner Depending on Selected Element]

Changing the display manner for the element in step 215 of FIG. 3 will be described in detail. Here, the description will be given for the case in which the element representing “victory” in FIG. 8A is selected.

FIG. 10A is a diagram showing an example in which a related element for the selected element is displayed larger and thicker. In this example, the element 43 representing “lose,” which is the antonym for “victory” represented by the selected element, is displayed larger and thicker. Although the related element is displayed larger and thicker here, the related element may simply be displayed larger. Alternatively, the related element may be displayed with a different transparency. FIG. 10B is a diagram showing an example in which the related element for the selected element is displayed at the center. In this example, the element 43 representing “lose,” which is the antonym for “victory” represented by the selected element, is displayed at the center. Although the related element for the selected element is displayed larger and thicker or at the center in the examples of FIGS. 10A and 10B, other display manners may be employed that highlight the related element.

[Additional Specific Example of Displaying Elements]

Displaying the elements in step 213 of FIG. 3 will be further described in detail.

FIGS. 11A and 11B are diagrams showing an example in which the elements are displayed to be light initially and become darker over time. FIG. 11A shows exemplary display just after the start of displaying the elements, while 11B shows exemplary display certain time after the start of displaying the elements. This embodiment involves making the meaning of the content unrecognizable by displaying the content divided into elements. However, it is possible that the elements can be readily recognized and the meaning of the content can be guessed. Therefore, the elements are initially displayed lighter to prevent ready recognition of the entire content. In this manner, the element may be selected for filter generation or update while the meaning of the content is made further unrecognizable.

[Other Specific Examples of Displaying Elements]

The foregoing assumes that the elements are displayed at positions irrelevant to the positions at which the elements of the original content are displayed as it is. However, this is not limitation. The elements may be displayed in any manner that obscures the meaning of the original content understood when displayed as it is. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing such exemplary display. In FIG. 12, while the positions of elements are maintained, the shading, font size, color, font type, and the like are varied to visually confuse the understanding of the meaning of the content. This can be more generalized to displaying the elements in a mode different from the mode in which the original content is displayed as it is.

Further, in this embodiment, the meaning of the content may be made even more unrecognizable by displaying other elements (for example, elements that obscure the meaning of particular elements) in addition to the original elements. For example, in the case of FIG. 12, other elements to be additionally displayed may be “sports” as an abstraction of “rugby,” “by a wide margin” as an antonym for “by a neck,” and “baseball” as a parallel concept with “rugby.” As a result, even though the original content only contains the elements “rugby” and “by a neck,” the elements “rugby,” “baseball,” “sports,” “by a neck,” and “by a wide margin” are displayed to thereby make the meaning of the content even more unrecognizable. In this case, the number of displayed elements increases. However, decrease in the efficiency of selecting elements to be filtered out is expected to be prevented by facilitating the discovery of the related element for the selected element, as in the example of FIGS. 10A and 10B.

Although this embodiment has been described for the case in which a filter for removing an element of content that the user does not want to see or should not see is generated, the present invention is also applicable to general documents. That is, the user may apply the divided display upon opening a document and determine whether it is a document that the user does not want to see or should not see on the basis of words. The words can then be added to a filter. This can be further generalized to consider the present invention as applicable to data such as documents and images.

As described above, in this embodiment, elements resulting from dividing content are randomly disposed to facilitate input of an element to be registered with the filter. This allows the user to find the element without knowing the detailed meaning of the content, so that the user himself can select the element to be registered with the filter. This also allows the filter to be generated even from content that is hard to categorize. Further, by setting the filtering period, information that the user does not want to know can be blocked for a desired period.

[Hardware Configuration of Client in Embodiment]

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an exemplary hardware configuration of the client 20 in this embodiment. As shown, the client 20 includes: a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 20 a as computing means; a main memory 20 c connected to the CPU 20 a via an M/B (motherboard) chipset 20 b; and a display mechanism 20 d also connected to the CPU 20 a via the M/B chipset 20 b. Connected to the M/B chipset 20 b via a bridge circuit 20 e are a network interface 20 f, a magnetic disk device (HDD) 20 g, an audio mechanism 20 h, a keyboard/mouse 20 i, and an optical drive 20 j.

In FIG. 13, the components are connected via buses with each other. For example, connection between the CPU 20 a and the M/B chipset 20 b, and connection between the M/B chipset 20 b and the main memory 20 c are implemented via CPU buses. While the M/B chipset 20 b and the display mechanism 20 d may be connected with AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port), if the display mechanism 20 d includes a video card supporting PCI Express, the M/B chipset 20 b and the video card is connected via a PCI Express (PCIe) bus. The network interface 20 f may be connected to the bridge circuit 20 e with PCI Express, for example. The magnetic disk device 20 g may be connected to the bridge circuit 20 e with serial ATA (AT Attachment), parallel transfer ATA, or PCI (Peripheral Components Interconnect), for example. Further, the keyboard/mouse 20 i and the optical drive 20 j may be connected to the bridge circuit 20 e with USB (Universal Serial Bus), for example.

The present invention may be implemented entirely in hardware, entirely in software, or in a combination of hardware and software. The present invention may be embodied as a computer, a data processing system, or a computer program. The computer program may be stored and distributed in a computer-readable medium. Here, the medium may be an electronic, magnetic, optical, electro-magnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system (device or apparatus) or a propagation medium. Examples of the computer-readable medium include a semiconductor, solid-state storage device, magnetic tape, removable computer diskette, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), rigid magnetic disk, and optical disk. Examples of the optical disk at present include a compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), compact disc read/write (CD-R/W), and DVD.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to its embodiment, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. It is apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and replacements may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

-   10 . . . server -   20 . . . client -   21 . . . content acquisition unit -   22 . . . content division unit -   23 . . . element display unit -   24 . . . selected-element identification unit -   25 . . . display change unit -   26 . . . filter generation unit -   27 . . . filter saving unit -   28 . . . filtering unit -   29 . . . content display unit 

What is claimed:
 1. An apparatus configured to generate a filter configured to separate elements to be displayed from a plurality of elements constituting data, the apparatus comprising: a display unit configured to display the plurality of elements in a second mode different from a first mode in which the data is displayed in an original form; a reception unit configured to receive a user operation for selecting a particular element from the plurality of elements; and a generation unit configured to generate the filter based on the particular element.
 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the display unit is configured to display the plurality of elements in a second mode in which a meaning of the data understood in the first mode is obscured.
 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the display unit is configured to display the plurality of elements in the second mode in which the plurality of elements are disposed at positions irrelevant to positions of the plurality of elements in the first mode.
 4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the display unit is configured to display the plurality of elements excluding part of two or more elements appearing in the data that are the same as or similar to each other.
 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the display unit is configured to display, in addition to the plurality of elements, an element that obscures a meaning of any of the plurality of elements.
 6. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit configured to control the display unit to highlight another element associated with the particular element in response to the reception unit receiving the user operation.
 7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the display unit is configured to display the plurality of elements so that visibility increases over time from the start of displaying the plurality of elements.
 8. An apparatus configured to generate a filter configured to separate elements to be displayed from a plurality of elements constituting content, the apparatus comprising: an acquisition unit configured to acquire the content from another apparatus; a division unit configured to divide the content into the plurality of elements; a display unit configured to randomly display the plurality of elements at positions different from positions at which the plurality of elements of the content in an original form are displayed; a reception unit configured to receive a user operation for selecting a particular element from the plurality of elements; and a generation unit configured to generate the filter based on the particular element.
 9. A method for generating a filter configured to separate elements to be displayed from a plurality of elements constituting data, the method comprising the steps of: displaying the plurality of elements in a second mode different from a first mode in which the data is displayed in an original form; receiving a user operation for selecting a particular element from the plurality of elements; and generating the filter based on the particular element.
 10. A program product for causing a computer to generate a filter for separating elements to be displayed from a plurality of elements constituting data, the program product comprising instructions embodied on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein the instructions are configured to cause the computer to perform steps of: displaying the plurality of elements in a second mode different from a first mode in which the data is displayed in an original form; receiving a user operation for selecting a particular element from the plurality of elements; and generating the filter based on the particular element. 